Abstract
Pathological processes of the cervix represent a major challenge in modern
gynecology, given the high incidence of transformation into cervical cancer. To investigate
this issue, a study was conducted involving 112 patients diagnosed with benign cervical
conditions. The results demonstrated that the development of pre-malignant cervical changes
is linked to early sexual initiation, multiple sexual partners, lack of a long-term partner,
and extended use of oral contraception (more than five years). Additionally, smoking was
found to be an important factor in the progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
(CIN) and cervical cancer, while the presence of oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV)
7.4 significantly increases the risk of precancerous cervical changes.
